{"id":1577,"date":"2016-01-30T23:28:41","date_gmt":"2016-01-30T22:28:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.entropywins.wtf\/blog\/?p=1577"},"modified":"2022-01-30T13:25:01","modified_gmt":"2022-01-30T12:25:01","slug":"missing-in-php7-function-references","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.entropywins.wtf\/blog\/2016\/01\/30\/missing-in-php7-function-references\/","title":{"rendered":"Missing in PHP7: function references"},"content":{"rendered":"

This is the first post in my Missing in PHP7 series<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Over time, PHP has improved its capabilities with regards to functions.\u00a0As of PHP 5.3 you can create anonymous functions<\/a> and as of 5.4 you can use the callable type hint<\/a>. However referencing a function still requires using a string.<\/p>\n

call_user_func( 'globalFunctionName' );\ncall_user_func( 'SomeClass::staticFunction' );\ncall_user_func( [ $someObject, 'someMethod' ] );<\/pre>\n
Unlike in Languages such as Python, that do provide proper function references, tools provide no support for the PHP approach\u00a0whatsoever. No autocompletion or type checking\u00a0in your IDE. No warnings from static code analysis tools. No “find usages” support.<\/p>\n
Example<\/strong><\/p>\n
A common place where I run into this limitation is when I have a method\u00a0that needs to return a modified version of an input array.<\/p>\n
public function someStuff( array $input ) {\n    $output = [];\n\n    foreach ( $input as $element ) {\n        $output[] = $this->somePrivateMethod( $element );\n    }\n\n    return $output;\n}<\/pre>\n
In such cases array_map and\u00a0similar higher order functions are much nicer than creating additional state, doing an imperative loop and a bunch of assignments.<\/p>\n
public function someStuff( array $input ) {\n    return array_map(\n        [ $this, 'somePrivateMethod' ],\n        $input\n    );\n}<\/pre>\n
I consider the benefit of tool support\u00a0big enough to\u00a0prefer the following code over the above:<\/p>\n
public function someStuff( array $input ) {\n    return array_map(\n        function( $element ) {\n            return $this->somePrivateMethod( $element );\n        },\n        $input\n    );\n}<\/pre>\n
This does make the already hugely verbose array map even more verbose, and makes this one of these scenarios where I go “really PHP? really?” when I come across it.<\/p>\n
Related: class references<\/strong><\/p>\n
A similar stringly-typed<\/a> problem in PHP used to be creating mocks in PHPUnit. Which of course is not a PHP problem (in itself), though still something affecting\u00a0many PHP projects.<\/p>\n
$kittenRepo = $this->getMock( 'Awesome\\Software\\KittenRepo' );<\/pre>\n
This causes the same types of problems as the lack of function references.\u00a0If you now\u00a0rename or move KittenRepo, tools will not update these string references. If you try to find usages of the class, you’ll miss this one, unless you do string search.<\/p>\n
Luckily PHP 5.5 introduced the class::<\/code>\u00a0construct<\/a>, which allows doing the following:<\/p>\n
$kittenRepo = $this->getMock( KittenRepo::class );<\/pre>\n
Where KittenRepo<\/code> got imported with an use statement.<\/p>\n
2022 update<\/strong><\/p>\n
As with several of the other Missing In PHP 7<\/a> features, this one is now available! It has been introduced in PHP 8.1<\/a> as “First class callable syntax<\/a>“.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
This is the first post in my Missing in PHP7 series. Over time, PHP has improved its capabilities with regards…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[7],"tags":[328,400,195,197,316],"class_list":["post-1577","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-programming","tag-clean-code","tag-functions","tag-php","tag-planet-wikimedia","tag-software-design"],"yoast_head":"\nMissing in PHP7: function references - Blog of Jeroen De Dauw<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.entropywins.wtf\/blog\/2016\/01\/30\/missing-in-php7-function-references\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Missing in PHP7: function references - Blog of Jeroen De Dauw\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"This is the first post in my Missing in PHP7 series. 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The previous one is about Value Objects. In this post I'll outline some problems PHP has with regards to collections, the implications of those problems, and a few mitigation strategies. 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The previous one is about\u00a0function references. 2020 update: named parameters will be in PHP 8 since the RFC passed. Readability of code is very important, and this is most certainly not readable: getCatPictures( 10, 0, true ); You can make\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Programming"","block_context":{"text":"Programming","link":"https:\/\/www.entropywins.wtf\/blog\/category\/programming\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1548,"url":"https:\/\/www.entropywins.wtf\/blog\/2016\/01\/30\/missing-in-php7\/","url_meta":{"origin":1577,"position":2},"title":"Missing in PHP7","author":"Jeroen","date":"2016-01-30","format":false,"excerpt":"I've decided to start a series of short blog posts on how PHP gets in the way of\u00a0creating of well designed applications, with a focus on missing features. The language flamewar PHP is one of those languages that people love to hate. Its standard library is widely inconsistent, and its\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Programming"","block_context":{"text":"Programming","link":"https:\/\/www.entropywins.wtf\/blog\/category\/programming\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"PHP7","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.entropywins.wtf\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/01\/PHP7.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1642,"url":"https:\/\/www.entropywins.wtf\/blog\/2016\/03\/05\/missing-in-php7-nullable-return-types\/","url_meta":{"origin":1577,"position":3},"title":"Missing in PHP7: Nullable return types","author":"Jeroen","date":"2016-03-05","format":false,"excerpt":"This is the fifth post in my Missing in PHP7 series. The previous one is about Collections. This is a short post, as there really is not much to explain or motivate. Nullable return types As of PHP7, we have return types at our disposal. 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